Homa Index Calculator

The Homeostasis Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR) is a method used to estimate insulin resistance and beta-cell function. It plays a critical role in assessing metabolic health, particularly for conditions like type 2 diabetes.

Historical Background

The HOMA model was introduced in the 1980s as a tool to evaluate insulin resistance based on fasting glucose and insulin levels. The formula helps in identifying patients at risk of metabolic syndromes and related disorders.

Calculation Formula

The HOMA-IR index is calculated using the formula:

\[ \text{HOMA-IR} = \frac{\text{Fasting Insulin (µU/mL)} \times \text{Fasting Glucose (mmol/L)}}{22.5}
\]

To convert glucose from mg/dL to mmol/L, divide by 18.

Example Calculation

If your fasting insulin is 10 µU/mL and fasting glucose is 90 mg/dL:

\[ \text{HOMA-IR} = \frac{10 \times (90 / 18)}{22.5} = \frac{10 \times 5}{22.5} = 2.22
\]

Interpretation

• HOMA-IR < 1: Insulin sensitivity.
• HOMA-IR 1-2.9: Normal.
• HOMA-IR 3-5: Early insulin resistance.
• HOMA-IR > 5: Significant insulin resistance.

Importance and Usage Scenarios

HOMA-IR is valuable in both clinical and research settings for tracking insulin resistance, guiding treatment plans, and monitoring metabolic health. It is commonly used for patients with obesity, diabetes, and polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).

Common FAQs

1. What does a high HOMA-IR score mean?

   • A high HOMA-IR score indicates insulin resistance, a risk factor for type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular diseases.

2. How can I lower my HOMA-IR?

   • Lifestyle changes like regular exercise, weight loss, and a balanced diet can help improve insulin sensitivity.

3. Is fasting required for accurate HOMA-IR calculation?

   • Yes, fasting for at least 8-12 hours is essential to get accurate insulin and glucose levels.

This calculator is useful for healthcare professionals and individuals alike to assess and monitor metabolic health with ease.