Hund's Rule Calculator

Hund's rule is a principle used to determine the most stable electron configuration in atomic orbitals. It states that electrons will occupy degenerate orbitals singly before pairing up, and each singly occupied orbital will have parallel spins. This calculator helps visualize the electron configuration and orbital diagram based on the number of electrons.

Explanation and Formula

Hund’s rule applies to electron configurations in subshells (e.g., 2p, 3d). The key principles are:

• Electrons fill orbitals to maximize unpaired spins.
• Subshells fill in the order of increasing energy (Aufbau principle).

This tool uses these principles to model electron distribution in atomic orbitals for any given number of electrons.